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Turning is a machining process where a cutting tool removes material from the outer surface of a rotating workpiece. This is typically performed on a lathe, where the workpiece is held securely while the cutting tool moves linearly or radially. Turning is primarily used to create cylindrical parts, such as shafts, pins, and bolts. Variations of turning, including facing (creating flat surfaces on the ends of parts) and taper turning (producing conical shapes), are also common.