parts of sand casting_

Standoff distance refers to the gap between the nozzle and the surface of the workpiece. This distance can significantly affect the energy and concentration of the abrasive jet. A shorter standoff distance can enhance the impact force of the jet, resulting in a higher MRR, but may also cause excessive wear on the nozzle. Conversely, increasing this distance may spread the abrasive jet, potentially reducing the machining efficacy. Adjusting the standoff distance is essential for fine-tuning the AJM process based on the desired outcome.